Abstract: The use of fluorinated refrigerants has intensified the global greenhouse effect. China has acceded to the Kigali Amendment and established a transition plan for new refrigerants. Most of the new environmentally friendly refrigerants are combustible, and research into their leakage and diffusion processes aids in advancing their wider application. Reviews the recent research developments on the leakage diffusion mechanisms and experiments of new environmentally friendly refrigerants like R32 and R290, both domestically and internationally. In response to the leakage processes and diffusion concentration distributions of flammable refrigerants, scholars and researchers have discussed theoretical models for refrigerant leakage and diffusion, corroborating these with experiments, and attaining numerous findings that unveil the leakage and diffusion mechanisms of flammable refrigerants. Offers a theoretical basis for the safe operation of household appliances, such as air conditioners and freezers, that utilize flammable refrigerants, and for the extensive promotion of these refrigerants. Also provides insights into the future directions of research on the leakage and diffusion of flammable refrigerants.

Key words: Household appliances, Flammable refrigerants, Leakage, propane, Difluoromethane