关键词: 电饭锅, 金属元素, 迁移量, 电感耦合等离子体质谱法, 风险评估

Abstract: To assess the migration risk of metal elements in aluminum-based Teflon-coated rice cookers, 12 batches of samples were analyzed via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for 13 target metals. Results showed that all 13 elements exhibited low migration levels with intact coatings; however, slight mechanical scratches caused a drastic 240-fold maximum increase in aluminum migration. Severe coating peeling led to aluminum migration exceeding the national standard limit (5 mg/L) for food-contact aluminum products, with cobalt, nickel, and copper also exceeding limits. Dry-heating experiments confirmed that high temperature accelerates coating decomposition and metal leaching. Under acidic conditions, migration increased rapidly initially and then stabilized with prolonged exposure. This study indicates coating integrity is critical for risk control, while mechanical damage, high temperature, and long-term use significantly elevate migration levels, providing an important basis for product safety design and usage specifications.

Key words: Rice cooker, Metal elements, Migration amount, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Risk assessment