非对称结构电磁屏蔽复合材料研究进展

doi:10.19784/j.cnki.issn1672-0172.2025.99.114

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对5G通信、智能家电及可穿戴设备带来的电磁辐射问题,为克服传统金属基屏蔽材料高密度、易腐蚀等缺点,研究了非对称结构电磁屏蔽复合材料。通过阐述电磁屏蔽效能（EMI SE）表征方法,并从多层、纤维、多孔及隔离结构等方面系统梳理其研究进展。结果表明,该类材料通过层状、梯度或多孔设计可实现“吸收-反射-再吸收”协同损耗机制,在提升屏蔽效能的同时显著降低二次反射污染,具有轻量化、柔性化优势,在智能家电、可穿戴电子等领域的电磁防护中应用前景广阔。未来研究需聚焦多学科融合、智能化调控及绿色可持续设计,以解决界面稳定性、规模化制备等挑战,实现高效吸收、超低反射与环境友好的综合目标。

关键词: 高分子, 纳米复合材料, 非对称结构, 电磁屏蔽, 家用电器

Abstract: addresses electromagnetic radiation from 5G communication, smart appliances, and wearable devices by studying asymmetric structured electromagnetic shielding composites to overcome the drawbacks of traditional metal-based shields. The characterization methods for EMI SE are outlined, and progress is systematically reviewed regarding multilayer, fiber, porous, and segregated structures. Results indicate that these materials achieve a synergistic “absorption-reflection-reabsorption” mechanism via their designed structures, enhancing shielding effectiveness while reducing secondary reflection pollution. Their advantages in lightness and flexibility make them highly applicable for electromagnetic protection in smart household appliances and wearable electronics. Future work should focus on interdisciplinary design, intelligent regulation, and green sustainability to overcome challenges like interfacial stability and scalable production for achieving high absorption, ultra-low reflection, and environmental friendliness.

Key words: Polymers, Nanocomposites, Asymmetric structures, Electromagnetic shielding, Household appliances

中图分类号:

TM925.0

袁晓曦, 杨统乾, 焦璨. 非对称结构电磁屏蔽复合材料研究进展[J]. 家电科技, 2025, 0(zk): 548-551.

YUAN Xiaoxi, YANG Tongqian, JIAO Can. Research progress of electromagnetic shielding composites with asymmetric structures[J]. Journal of Appliance Science & Technology, 2025, 0(zk): 548-551.

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