高分子材料无卤阻燃剂研究进展

doi:10.19784/j.cnki.issn1672-0172.2025.99.105

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球法规限制含卤阻燃剂使用,因其燃烧释放有害气体。综述磷系、硅系、无机氢氧化物和膨胀体系四类无卤阻燃剂。AHP可高效阻燃,但有迁移性和毒性问题;DOPO衍生物与APP协同能提升环氧树脂性能,不过含氯磷酸酯有神经毒性。SiO2@DPP和POSS分别用于聚碳酸酯和环氧树脂阻燃,需与其他阻燃剂联用。ATH和MH复配可减少添加量,但损害材料力学性能;APP协效体系能提高不饱和聚酯氧指数。DNA可阻燃,但依赖含磷组分且有环境风险。在家电行业,无卤阻燃剂广泛用于电路板、外部壳体等关键部件,以满足安全和环保要求。未来研究聚焦纳米复合材料、生物基材料和智能化设计,以实现高效环保阻燃目标。

关键词: 高分子材料, 无卤阻燃剂, 氧指数

Abstract: Global regulations restrict the use of halogenated flame retardants due to their harmful gas emissions upon combustion. This review categorizes four types of halogen-free flame retardants: phosphorus-based, silicon-based, inorganic hydroxides, and intumescent systems. AHP demonstrates high flame retardancy but faces migration and toxicity issues; DOPO derivatives synergize with APP to enhance epoxy resin performance, though chlorinated phosphates exhibit neurotoxicity. SiO2@DPP and POSS are applied to polycarbonate and epoxy resins respectively, requiring combination with other flame retardants. ATH and MH blends reduce additive requirements but impair mechanical properties; APP synergistic systems improve the oxygen index of unsaturated polyester. DNA offers flame retardancy but relies on phosphorus-containing components with environmental risks. In the home appliance industry, halogen-free flame retardants are widely used in critical components like circuit boards and external casings to meet safety and environmental standards. Future research focuses on nanocomposites, bio-based materials, and intelligent design to achieve efficient and eco-friendly flame retardancy goals.

Key words: Polymer material, Halogen-free flame retardant, Oxygen index

中图分类号:

徐传芳, 刘杰, 迈志远, 宋洋, 刘岐, 王晗, 王伯燕. 高分子材料无卤阻燃剂研究进展[J]. 家电科技, 2025, 0(zk): 508-513.

XU Chuanfang, LIU Jie, MAI Zhiyuan, SONG Yang, LIU Qi, WANG Han, WANG Boyan. Research progress on halogen-free flame retardant of polymer materials[J]. Journal of Appliance Science & Technology, 2025, 0(zk): 508-513.

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