洗涤时间、温度和转速对纺织品纤维微塑料释放的影响与成因分析

doi:10.19784/j.cnki.issn1672-0172.2022.99.052

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微塑料污染问题已经成为全球关注的热点环境话题,家庭洗衣机洗涤过程中释放的微塑料是环境中的微塑料的主要来源之一。研究了洗衣机的洗涤时间、洗涤温度、转速对于合成纤维服装洗涤过程中纤维微塑料排放量的影响并分析了成因。结果表明,洗涤时间、温度和转速与纤维微塑料排放量呈正相关,即随着时间的延长、温度的升高及转速的提升,纤维微塑料的排放量有所上升。其中影响显著性排序为：洗涤时间>洗涤温度>转速。成因包括纤维微塑料脱落过程的特性,织物纤维的溶胀作用以及脱水离心力等。在微塑料问题愈发瞩目的今天,本研究对洗衣机控制微塑料排放,以及后续的收集与消减研究提供了重要参考。

关键词: 微塑料, 洗衣机, 纺织, 服装, 洗涤时间, 洗涤温度, 转速

Abstract: The problem of microplastic pollution has become a hot environmental topic of global concern. Microplastics released during the washing process of household washing machines are one of the main sources of microplastics in the environment. The effects of washing time, washing temperature and rotating speed of washing machine on the emission of microplastics in synthetic fiber clothing were studied, and the causes were analyzed based on the fabric mechanism. The results showed that washing time, temperature and rotation speed were positively correlated with microplastic emissions, that is, with the prolongation of time, temperature and rotation speed, the emission of microplastics increased. The order of significance of influence is: washing time > washing temperature > rotating speed. The causes include the characteristics of the microplastic shedding process, the swelling effect of fabric fibers, and the effect of mechanical force. Today, as the issue of microplastics is becoming more and more prominent, this study provides an important reference for the control of microplastic emissions from washing machines and subsequent research on collection and reduction.

Key words: Microplastics, Washing machine, Textile, Apparel, Washing time, Washing temperature, Rotational speed

中图分类号:

王铭, 刘建立, 杨宇, 蒋黎, 周存玲, 崔阅馨, 张鑫. 洗涤时间、温度和转速对纺织品纤维微塑料释放的影响与成因分析[J]. 家电科技, 2022, 0(zk): 240-245.

WANG Ming, LIU Jianli, YANG Yu, JIANG Li, ZHOU Cunling, CUI Yuexin, ZHANG Xin. Effects of washing time, temperature and rotational speed on the release of microplastics from textile fibers and their causes[J]. Journal of Appliance Science & Technology, 2022, 0(zk): 240-245.

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